Eight Jnanpith Awards each have been awarded in Hindi and Kannada, followed by five in Bengali and Malayalam, four in Odia, Gujarati, Marathi, Telugu and Urdu, two each in Assamese and Tamil, and one in Sanskrit. In contemporary Indian literature, there are two major literary awards these are the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship and the Jnanpith Award. In 1913, Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore became India's first Nobel laureate in literature. Thereafter literature in various dialects of Hindi, Persian and Urdu began to appear as well. Later, literature in Marathi, Gujarati, Bengali, Assamese, Odia, and Maithili appeared. In the medieval period, literature in Kannada and Telugu appeared in the 6th and 11th centuries respectively. Classical Sanskrit literature developed rapidly during the first few centuries of the first millennium BCE, as did the Pāli Canon and Tamil Sangam literature. The Sanskrit epics Ramayana and Mahabharata were subsequently codified and appeared towards the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. Sanskrit literature begins with the oral literature of the Rig Veda, a collection of literature dating to the period 1500–1200 BCE. The earliest works of Indian literature were orally transmitted. The Republic of India has 22 officially recognised languages. Indian literature refers to the literature produced on the Indian subcontinent until 1947 and in the Republic of India thereafter.
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